China recorded notable bilateral trade surpluses in 2025, with Hong Kong and the United States making up the largest shares according to data from the General Administration of Customs of China. These top partners reflect the combined importance of re-export hubs and large consumer markets in keeping Chinese exports robust.
The prominence of Hong Kong and the United States underscores how re-export activity and strong end-market demand sustain export performance. Secondary surpluses with economies such as India, Vietnam, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom highlight diversification of destinations across Asia and Europe as global trade and tariff dynamics continue to evolve. The pattern clarifies where China trade surplus strength is concentrated and how distribution channels matter for exporters.
For Pakistani businesses and policymakers, insights into the China trade surplus may inform strategy when assessing regional competition and supply chain linkages. Understanding the role of re-export hubs and major consumer markets can help Pakistani exporters identify competitive pressures and potential collaboration points in regional trade networks.
Source: General Administration of Customs of China.
